DESAIN DAN ANALISIS PEKERJAAN

KELAS                      : 4EB04

KELOMPOK            : 2

ANGGOTA               : 1. Adika Darmawan                       (20215141)

2. Apriliani                                       (20215922)

3. FebriyatnoWisnu Pratama         (22215598)

4. Nita Patimah Azahra                  (25215088)

1.    Berikan contoh dari jenis analisis pekerjaan (Tradisional dan Berorientasi hasil)!

Jawab:

a.       Analisis Pekerjaan Tradisional

Contoh :

• Bertani,
• Menjahit,
• Menenun, dll.

b.      Analisis Pekerjaan Berorientasi Hasil

Contoh :

• Mencakup harapan organisasi terhadap karyawan.
• Mencakup keterkaitan antara tugas, standar kinerja, kecakapan dan kualifikasi minimal, misal : Prilaku, kewajiban / tanggung jawab apa yang penting bagi perusahaan

2.    Apa yang dimaksud dari klasifikasi - klasifikasi okupasi yang umum?

Jawab:

Pekerjaan atau dalam bahasa Inggris disebut occupation berbeda dengan profesi atau profession. Definisi Pekerjaan seperti:

a.    Setiap kegiatan yang menggunakan fisik dan/atau pikiran untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu.

b.    Penggunaan tenaga dan/atau pikiran untuk mendapatkan imbalan guna memenuhi      kebutuhannya sebagai manusia.

Pekerjaan dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi 3 (tiga) jenis, yaitu :

1. Pekerjaan dalam arti umum, yaitu pekerjaan apa saja yang mengutamakan kemampuan       fisik, baik sementara atau tetap dengan tujuan memperoleh pendapatan (upah).
2. Pekerjaan dalam arti tertentu, yaitu pekerjaan yang mengutamakan kemampuan fisik dan   intelektual, baik sementara atau tetap dengan tujuan pengabdian.
3. Pekerjaan dalam arti khusus, yaitu pekerjaan bidang tertentu, mengutamakan kemampuan fisik dan intelektual, bersifat tetap, dengan tujuan memperoleh pendapatan.

Misal : Antara dokter dan tukang becak, dokter bisa jadi tukang becak tetapi tukang   becak tidak bisa jadi dokter. Karena menjadi seorang dokter harus orang yang benar - benar ahli dalam kesehatan, tetapi kalau tukang becak siapapun bisa jadi tukang becak.

3.    Apa saja tugas – tugas pokok dan aktivitas dari jabatan tersebut?

Jawab :

Nama jabatannya selalu berubah setiap kali orang yang menjabat berbeda, padahal tugasnya sama. Umumnya terjadi ketika ada reorganisasi, lalu ada senior/direktur yang turun pangkat. Untuk menghormati direktur yang turun pangkat lalu diadakan jabatan baru yang isinya sebetulnya setara dengan staf, misalnya staf senior. Padahal tugasnya sama saja dengan staf biasa.

Tujuan Jabatan. Tujuan jabatan menggambarkan maksud atau kontribusi apa yang dituntut dari jabatan tersebut. Misalnya, mengkoordinir para tenaga penjual untuk mencapai target yang sudah ditetapkan. Contoh lain adalah “Mengelola kegiatan administrasi yang berhubungan dengan bidang keuangan perusahaan.” Kedudukan di dalam Organisasi. Menggambarkan jabatan apa yang berada di level atasnya dan jabatan apa yang langsung di bawahnya. Misalnya, Kepala Divisi Pemasaran membawahi Manajer Pemasaran. Manajer Pemasaran membawahi Staf Pemasaran.

Tanggung Jawab dan Tugas-tugas Pokok. Ini merupakan konsekuensi dari dari pendelegasian tugas dari atas atau bisa juga disebut sebagai perwujudan dari fungsi utama pekerjaan. Dengan kata lain hasil apa yang diharapkan dari pemegang jabatan. Misalnya “Terselenggaranya pelatihan dengan lancar, tanpa ada penundaan.” “Tersedianya peralatan untuk menunjang terselenggaranya pelatihan.”

Tugas - tugas Pokok. Menjelaskan tugas pokok pemegang jabatan agar yang bersangkutan bisa memenuhi setiap tanggung jawab yang diberikan kepadanya. Misalnya “Mengadakan makanan, camilan, dan minuman bagi peserta seminar.” “Mengumpulkan jawaban kuesioner dari peserta seminar.”

Tugas pokok memberi gambaran tentang ruang lingkup atau kompleksitas jabatan atau organisasi tersebut.

4.    Apa contoh dari perbedaan – perbedaan menurut tingkat tanggung jawabnya?

Jawab :

Misalnya : Perbedaan GM ( General Manager ) dengan kepala departemen/HOD menurut tanggung jawabnya.

GM :

1. Dibutuhkan kemampuan konseptual dibandingkan kemampuan teknis.
2. Mampu memobilisasi sumber daya yang dimiliki perusahaan.
3. Bertanggungjawab penuh terhadap keberjalanan perusahaan kepada dewan direksi, pemerintah dan masyarakat umum.
4. Menentukan perencanaan, tujuan dan kebijakan perusahaan atau organisasi.
5. Mempersiapkan rencana jangka panjang perusahaan.
6. Manajemen puncak bekerja melalui pemikiran, perencanaan kemudian memutuskan sehingga disebut juga dengan otak organisasi atau administrator.

KepalaDepartemen/HOD :

1. Memerlukan ketrampilan manajerial serta kemampuan teknis.
2. Menjadi perantara antara GM dengan mandor atau pegawas.
3. Merencanakan rencana jangka menengah antara 1 – 5 tahun.
4. Berkoordinasi dengan departemen yang ada atas semua kegiatan yang dilakukan.
5. Menjalankan perintah, kebijakan, dan rencana yang ditetapkan oleh GM.
6. Bertanggungjawab secara langsung kepada GM.
7. Memberi saran atau rekomendasi kepada GM sesuai dengan kondisi yang ada.

5.    Menurut pendapat kalian, Analisis Pekerjaan itu apa? Mengapa harus ada Analisis Pekerjaan?

Jawab :

Analisis Pekerjaan adalah proses pengumpulan informasi mengenai suatu pekerjaan yang dilakukan oleh seorang pekerja, yang dilaksanakan dengan mengamati cara atau mengadakan interview terhadap pekerja, dengan bukti - bukti  yang benar dari supervisor. 

Harus ada analisis pekerjaan karena analisis pekerjaan ini sangat penting dilakukan. Hal ini ditandai dengan alasan – alasan sebagai berikut :

a.       Sebagai pegangan dalam merekrut karyawan, yaitu untuk melihat keahlian, kemampuan, dan pengetahuan calon – calon karyawan yang akan direkrut.

b.      Sebagai dasar dalam melakukan analisis kebutuhan pelatihan.

c.       Dengan melakukan analisis pekerjaan, akan diketahui deskripsi pekerjaan dan spesifikasi pekerjaan bagi masing – masing karyawan, sehingga perusahaan dapat mengevaluasi keberhasilan maupun kegagalan kinerja karyawan berdasarkan target - target yang telah ditetapkan dalam deskripsi pekerjaan.

d.      Pada poin pertama telah disebutkan bahwa dengan melakukan analisis pekerjaan, perusahaan dapat melihat seberapa tinggi keahlian, kemampuan, dan pengetahuan karyawan. Kompensasi yang akan diberikan pada karyawan – karyawan tersebut nilainya tergantung pada seberapa tinggi tingkat keahlian, kemampuan, dan pengetahuan karyawan tersebut.

e.       Saat melakukan rekrutmen karyawan, perusahaan juga mempertimbangkan mengenai tingkat keselamatan dan keamanan kerja serta tingkat kesehatan calon karyawan. Informasi mengenai hal – hal tersebut dapat dihimpun melalui analisis pekerjaan.

f.       Sebagai dasar untuk melakukan evaluasi bila terjadi promosi, transfer, atau emosi karyawan.

Task 3 - Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

Café and Restaurant

Product to sell

A company in the field of culinary especially provide coffee and restaurant for customers. In addition to providing services for consumers who want to drink coffee, café and restaurant also provides snacks and heavy such as toast, cake, pudding, and some other snacks.

Marketing target

• The Students and employees.
• Local communities.

Funds and profit production

Along with the rise of coffee lovers in the present day, especially among students and employees. We predict with a capital of ten to twenty million, within a period of one to two years the café and this restaurant will be behind the capital.

Job description of each person

• Manager          : Roy Anggara Sihombing
• Cashier            : Rio Andreasto
• Chef                 : Febriyatno Wisnu Pratama
• Barista             : Adika Darmawan
• Waiter              : Nicholas Kevin

Job description for Chef

Someone who is responsible as a chef is not only smart but also good looking. He can maintain thoroughly the quality of raw materials and menus sold. The person that responsible for the smooth operation of the production department, smart in making the standard menu recipes with the appropriate food prices. The chef must responsible for all the food served and should assist the manager in handling the competency tests while admitting a new chef.

Task 1 - Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

ARTICLE

Richard Branson

British entrepreneur Richard Branson launched Virgin Records in the early 1970s, eventually building his business into the multinational Virgin Group.

Who Is Richard Branson?

Born on July 18, 1950, in Surrey, England, Richard Branson struggled in school and dropped out at age 16—a decision that ultimately led to the creation of Virgin Records. His entrepreneurial projects started in the music industry and expanded into other sectors, including the space-tourism venture Virgin Galactic, making him a billionaire. Branson is also known for his adventurous spirit and sporting achievements, including crossing oceans in a hot air balloon.

Young Entrepreneur

Richard Charles Nicholas Branson was born on July 18, 1950, in Surrey, England. His father, Edward James Branson worked as a barrister. His mother, Eve Branson was employed as a flight attendant. Richard, who struggled with dyslexia, had a hard time with educational institutions. He nearly failed out of the all-boys Scaitcliffe School, which he attended until the age of 13. He then transferred to Stowe School, a boarding school in Stowe, Buckinghamshire, England.

Still struggling, Branson dropped out at the age of 16 to start a youth-culture magazine called Student. The publication, run by students, sold $8,000 worth of advertising in its first edition, launched in 1966. The first run of 50,000 copies was disseminated for free, with Branson afterward covering the costs through advertising.

By 1969, Branson was living in a London commune, surrounded by the British music and drug scene. It was during this time that Branson had the idea to begin a mail-order record company called Virgin to help fund his magazine efforts. The company performed modestly but well enough for Branson to expand his business venture, with a record shop on Oxford Street, London. With the success of the new store, the high school dropout was able to build a recording studio in 1972 in Oxfordshire, England.

Virgin Records

The first artist on the Virgin Records label, Mike Oldfield, recorded his single "Tubular Bells" in 1973 with the help of Branson's team. The song was an instant smash, staying on the UK charts for 247 weeks. Using the momentum of Oldfield's success, Branson then signed other aspiring musical groups to the label, including the Sex Pistols. Artists such as the Culture Club, the Rolling Stones and Genesis would follow, helping to make Virgin Music one of the top six record companies in the world.

Business Expansion

Branson expanded his entrepreneurial efforts yet again, this time to include the Voyager Group travel company in 1980, the Virgin Atlantic airline in 1984 and a series of Virgin Megastores. However, Branson's success was not always predictable, and by 1992, Virgin was suddenly struggling to stay financially afloat. The company was sold later that year to Thorn EMI for $1 billion.

Branson was crushed by the loss, reportedly crying after the contract was signed, but remained determined to stay in the music business. In 1993, he founded the station Virgin Radio, and in 1996 he started a second record company, V2, which signed artists such as Powder Finger and Tom Jones.

The Virgin Group eventually reached 35 countries around the world, with nearly 70,000 employees handling affairs in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Canada, Asia, Europe, South Africa and beyond. He has expanded his businesses to include a train company, a luxury game preserve, a mobile phone company and a space-tourism company, Virgin Galactic.

Branson is also known for his sporting achievements, notably the record-breaking Atlantic crossing in Virgin Atlantic Challenger II in 1986, and the first crossing by hot-air balloon of the Atlantic (1987) and Pacific (1991). He was knighted in 1999 for his contribution to entrepreneurship, and in 2009, he landed at No. 261 on Forbes' "World Billionaires" list with his $2.5 billion in self-made fortune, including two private islands.

Virgin Galactic

In recent years, the ever-adventurous Branson has focused much of his attention on his space-tourism venture. He partnered with Scaled Composites to form The Spaceship Company, which set to work developing a suborbital spaceplane. In April 2013, the project made an impressive leap forward with the test launch of SpaceShipTwo.

Branson was delighted by the success of his spaceship's first test, telling NBC News that "We're absolutely delighted that it broke the sound barrier on its very first flight, and that everything went so smoothly." By April 2013, more than 500 people had reserved tickets to ride on a Virgin Galactic spaceship.

In 2015, Branson announced the launch of Virgin Voyages, a new cruise line. On October 31, 2017, the company commemorated the milestone of laying down the keel for its first ship. Virgin's cruise ships designed to hold 2,800 guests and a crew of 1,150, remained on track to debut in 2020. 

Personal Life

Branson is married to his second wife, Joan Templeman, with whom he has two children: Holly and Sam. He often stays at his residence on Necker Island in the British Virgin Islands, even remaining there while Hurricane Irma all but destroyed the island in September 2017.

Source : https://www.biography.com/people/richard-branson-9224520

SHOW THE TENSES USED

Dark Blue : Present Perfect Tense

Red : Simple Past Tense

Green : Past Continuous Tense

INFINITIVE

the high school dropout was able to build a recording studio in 1972 in Oxfordshire, England.

Change to Gerund :

the high school dropout was able building a recording studio in 1972 in Oxfordshire, England.

SHOW USE OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS

1. Richard Branson struggled in school and dropped out at age 16—a decision that ultimately led to the creation of Virgin Records. His entrepreneurial projects started in the music industry and expanded into other sectors, including the space-tourism venture Virgin Galactic, making him a billionaire.
2. Richard Charles Nicholas Branson was born on July 18, 1950, in Surrey, England. His father, Edward James Branson worked as a barrister. His mother, Eve Branson was employed as a flight attendant.
3. Branson was crushed by the loss, reportedly crying after the contract was signed, but remained determined to stay in the music business. In 1993, he founded the station Virgin Radio, and in 1996 he started a second record company, V2, which signed artists such as Powder Finger and Tom Jones.
4. Branson is also known for his sporting achievements, notably the record-breaking Atlantic crossing in Virgin Atlantic Challenger II in 1986, and the first crossing by hot-air balloon of the Atlantic (1987) and Pacific (1991). He was knighted in 1999 for his contribution to entrepreneurship, and in 2009, he landed at No. 261 on Forbes' "World Billionaires" list with his $2.5 billion in self-made fortune, including two private islands.
5. In recent years, the ever-adventurous Branson has focused much of his attention on his space-tourism venture. He partnered with Scaled Composites to form The Spaceship Company, which set to work developing a suborbital spaceplane.